Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is an iconic symbol of California’s deserts, found in the Mojave Desert and parts of Utah. This tree-like monocot, related to lilies and palms, grows at elevations from 1,600 to 6,600 feet, occasionally reaching 11,000 feet. Its stiff, dagger-like leaves and clusters of greenish-white flowers give it a striking appearance.

Joshua trees rely entirely on the tiny Tegeticula moth for pollination. The moth lays its eggs in the flowers, and the caterpillars feed on some of the seeds, ensuring mutual survival. These trees also provide nesting sites for around 25 bird species and are the host plant for the Yucca Giant-Skipper butterfly.

Due to its slow growth and specific habitat needs, Joshua tree is rarely used in residential gardens. However, it can serve as a dramatic, sculptural feature in large desert or semi-desert landscapes. When transplanted, it requires careful watering to prevent rot.

For those in appropriate climates, the Joshua tree is a low-maintenance, drought-adapted choice that supports native wildlife.

Plant type

Shrub, Succulent

Size

5 - 20 ft Tall
35 ft Wide

Form

Rounded, Upright Columnar

Growth rate

Slow

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

Slight

Calscape icon
Color

Green, White

Flowering season

Spring

Special uses

Hedge

Sun

Full Sun

Water

Very Low

Summer irrigation

Max 1x / month once established

Ease of care

Moderate

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to -20° F

Soil drainage

Fast

Soil description

Requires fast draining, coarse grained alluvial soil.
Soil PH: 6.0 - 8.0

Propagation

From seeds.  For propagating by seed: No treatment.

Site type

Dry places, high deserts such as the Mojave Desert, Antelope Valley, and portions of Death Valley National Park

Plant communities

Joshua Tree Woodland

Clark Mounatain Agave (Agave utahensis), Burrobush (Ambrosia dumosa), Bigberry Manzanita (Arctostaphylos glauca), Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), Desert Marigold (Baileya multiradiata), Buckwheat (Eriogonum spp.), Apache Plume (Fallugia paradoxa), California Juniper (Juniperus californicus), Penstemon species, Bladderpod (Peritoma arborea), Apricot Mallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua), various cactus species

Bats
Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

1 confirmed and 4 likely

Confirmed Likely

Yucca Giant-Skipper

Megathymus yuccae

Prodoxus aenescens

Sosipatra rileyella

Yellowstriped Armyworm Moth

Spodoptera ornithogalli